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All photos Graham Cookson Socialist Challenge 28 October 1982 page 6 MORE than four hundred people packed into London's Kingsway Princeton College last weekend for the International Debating Socialism Weekend. From Aberdeen to Exeter they had come to hear monetary crisis, Bea Campbell and Valerie Coultas on Sweet Frances Morrell and Alan Freeman on The whole weekend was a big success with young and older comrades alike discussing the crucial questions of revolutionary strategy and unions, to the Cold War and the economic crisis.
was raised theoretical reviow International, and some thirty people attended a meeting for those interested in the politics of the Fourth International and the As International's editor Davy Jones said at the end of the weekend event: 'These issues of revolutionary stragey will become more not less important as the crisis deepens, and such discussion forums and the journal International itself are weapons for revolutionary * The latest issue of International costs just 75p and contains a debate between Alan Freeman and Tony Benn, Ken Livingstone replies to a critique of the lessons of the Labour GLC, Hilary Wainwright Robyn Archer, and much more! Write to: International, PO Box 50, London N1 2XP. Subscribe for just £5.50 surface mail, and £12
volutionary is to make the revolution' GUEVARA It was convincing proof of what evolution could do. But the guerIllas had installed a cabinet which inluded liberals, including the prime tinister Urrutia.
Fidel resigned, and emonstrations forced his reinstateent and the resignation of the ourgeois prime minister Urrutia.
professionals The struggle to osciments COlOnia SI neocolonialism politically through struggle, through a bination both. cannot be separated the backwardness poverty. Both are phases same process that leads to the creation of a new, rich, and just SOCCE necessary to first seize political power and liquidate the pressor classes; but later deal the stage of the struggle, even more difficult, if possible than the first.
Never since monopoly capiral took over the world, most of mankind submerged in poverty, distributing among the strongest tries. The living those are based on the poverty Of our thus, to increase the standards the small business people fled. The USA embargoed Cuban sugar: Castro nationalised all US assets. Then, on 17 April 1961, two US navy ships sailed into the Bay of Pigs with a mercenary task force of five American ships, two battleships and three freighters loaded with tanks, artillery But this time capitalist army to welcome them. The guerrillas armed the people CEOVE OU SIE INVALETS. proved right, and Fidel declared tha Cuba republic.
fore. The new republic siege. Blockaded by the USA, it turned to the Soviet Union to sell sugar and buy oil. But this brought another danger: that the political line of the Russian bureaucracy would suffocate and isolate the revolution. fought Tuence. A furious polemie was tomed around the devlopment of the Cuban economy. On one porters of the economic reforms"
Russia, like Foreign Trade Minister Alberto Mora and Rodriguez, nOW They called for "material incentives" to increase production.
Guevara Ernest Mandel, who joined the debate at the Cuban's invitation — said this would create a layer. Che argued for tives pride achievements of the revolution. incentive should be introduced which divided worker from mitted individual enrichment.
made this a 'utopian' countered that the world level of productive forces was lactor. Cuba should end its isolation by extending it revolution. should building a new leadership, formed in guarded direct contact with the masses in the struggle for production.
for Two, Many which led Cuba to launch a world wide armed mass 1966.
of a 'new man' emerging from the struggle against underdevelopment.
and did not live to see the Nicaraguans against developed countries we must the im- therefore struggle against imperialism. And every waged country falls armed won partial victory our chief enemy struggle also contributed to weakening it effectively and to taking one step closer to mar victory We believe that the present road is full of absolutely that predicted for the future superior mind the palpable result second reality around us. The struggle which is against colonialism has reachLed its final stages, but in our era result of imperialist it has kept tion As long as imperialism ex Lists, it will, by definition, exert profits its domination over other coun coun- Tes Loge this called neocolonialism countries; Second Economic Seminar of living Afro-Asian Solidarity.
Fobruary 24, 196/ when the band, death. and 1500 there Was no who was now to be a socialist Che's originality now came to the was under the Kremlin's, insue stood ir Carlos Rafael Deputy President.
and the Trotskyist the bureaucratic "moral' incen- and in the collective No Cuba's backwardness, it was said, project. Che to ink up the most decisive Its gains Revolution.
From this came Che's famous call Vietnams' struggle movement in From it, too, grew his concept Not all Che's ideas bore fruit. He Time one the imagainst but we have danger, danger invented by any but danger domina domination is Algiers, transform the Cuban experience into an insurrection model of revolution; his own heroic attempt to repeat the Cuban experience in Bolivia failed people ignored his smail leading to his capture and We clearly understand - and CONDIOLE frankness - that the only correct solution to the problems of mankind at present is the total exploitation the dependent countries by the developed capitalist countries.
with all the consequences implicit in this action.
to the rapid growth of the countries of the socialist and development. although at MUCH SOWEr TALE OTTe ma jority of capitalist countries, there is the undeniable thet a large number OTCO called underdeveloped countries are at a complete standand at times even show Tatas of economic growth below those OT. population growth.
These facts are not accidendance with the nature of core They are in strict accordeveloped capitalist system in process of full expansion which subiects the decendent countries to the most abusive least disguised forms exploitation Ever since the end of the He did not see the twin upsurges 1968 Czechoslovakia. He concentrated on the third world, and had no strategy the working storldle in the urban centres of the Nor did he grasp the vital importance of an organised clash of ideas in a transitional society which marked the early years of the Russian Mandel had pointed out, socialist planning requires that the people confront major political and cconomic decisions in the shape of alternative options — rather than a government proposal to be accepted or rejected. Cuban planning remains plagued by unnecessary which the leadership acknowledge.
but have so far not overcome.
The departure of Guevara from last century, this expansionist and aggressive trend nas been evident in countless ag gressions against countries of backward continents, but day it is most evident in the fact that the developed powers control the production trade of raw materials of the dependent general, this is shown in the the dependence of a given country on one commodity. turn, is sold to a given marker in amounts determined by the fact needs of that market The World is hungry, but does not have food, and paradoxically. in the underdeveloped world world of hunger, pansion of food production is discouraged to be able to main tain ine price level. be able to eat. relentless law philosophy of plunder.
must end as a standard of rela tions between peopies Geneva, March 25, 1964.
Cuba in 1966 to establish a revoluand tionary guerrilla movement in Bolivia led to many false and stupid rumours In we world socials Many people believed that Guevara, as the most radical leader of the cuban revolution, Fidel and that Fidel had had him murdered Of course, since his mission was impossible Cubans to reply and to state just where he was, except to say that he another country'. Only when he was killed was it possible for the Cubans blockages argued that struggles elsewhere different most bureaucracy, was peace in and In which money to buy tion. in the creating possible exThis is the of the project.
Development, muntar movement.
had argued with for the mISSIOn I 11 to make a full reply.
From his gucrrilla outpost Bolivia Che sent a long message to the Tricontinental solidarity organisation in Havana — entitled Create Two.
Many Vietnams!' -In it ne the way to heip the beleaguered Vietnamese, at the height of their struggle with the United States, was to open up revolutionary This was anathema to the Soviet who bitterly opposed the extension of revolution. Their line Vietnam' promise with the Americans and certainly not more revolutionary wars, While the Soviet bureaucrats said "make peace', and doled out their aid to Vietnam through an eye-dropper, Che said the duty of every revoluEverywhere Che's message aided the solidarity with the Vietnam revoluTo carry through the aim of *Two, many Vietnams" the Cubans attempted, in a mechanical and voluntaristic way, to start a revolution in Bolivia. But an isolated group of revolutionaries were incapable of starting a real revolu tion. In particular, the Bolivian Communist Party played a treacherous role, refusing to give any aid to the On 8 October 1967, Che's guerWOLIOCE prisoner. He was taken to the village ol Higueras by the security forces, and on the order of the head of the warrentas murdered. He died as he lived: in combat for the world revolution.
Che understood that only socialist revolution could start to solve the problems of the oppressed people of the third world: as he put it, the revolution in this epoch will either be a socialist revolution or a caricature of a revolution. And he understood and died fighting for the essence of permanent revolution in our time: only by extending the revolution can its victories be consolidated Socialist Challenge 29 October 1982 page 7
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